标题：Cinderella的学习日记&笔记
1. 作Subject
例：Reading is fun.
2. 作Complement
(跟is、am、are、was、were、shall be、will be、have been、has been等乏意的动词后的补充语。所谓补充，就是补说出意思。如She is a teacher.或She is pretty. 两句中的名词a teacher及形容词pretty都是Complement)
例：His favourite hobby is singing.
3. 作Object
例： The secretary has finished typing the letter.
We all enjoy eating good food.
4. 作Object of position
例： They are fond of dancing.
Thank you for helping us.
Gerund亦称Verbal noun，因为它在发辉名词的同时，也保存动词的特质。Gerund的主动形式(active voice) 就是任何带-ing的动词；被动形式(passive voice) 就是being + past participle。
Gerund的完成时是把have或has化为having, 再加上past participle。
不过，我们通常都犯不用perfect形式的gerund，用Past Progressive Tense便可，意思不变。
例： He admitted having stolen his cousin’s money.
= He admitted stealing his cousin’s money.
他认偷了他表兄(弟)的钱。
They regret having broken their promise.
= They regret breaking their promise.
他们后悔不守诺言。
一般情况下，Gerund可由Infinitive所代替。
e.g. To daydream is a waste of time. = Daydreaming is a waste of time.
I like to swim. = I like swimming.
但英语有所谓片语式动词(Phrasal Verb) ，这种动词例必紧接Adverb及.Preposition组合才成意，而跟随其后的必定是名词或动名词，不能是Infinitive。
例如： Would you mind switching the television to channel 8?
Do you object to dancing?
They look forward to visiting Australia in the winter.
A lot of people have given up smoking.
Foot用法
基本用法
1. foot 脚
英解：the end part of the leg
A: Can we take a rest? My feet hurt.
可以休息一下吗？我脚好痛。
B: We'll be there in just a few minutes. We can take a rest then.
再几分钟就到了，到那儿再休息吧。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
2. foot 英尺
英解：a unit for measuring length
A: How long is that bridge?
这座桥有多长啊？
B: It's about 150 feet.
大约一五○英尺。
3. be on one's feet 站着
英解： to stand up
A: General Lee is coming. On your feet, soldiers!
李将军来了。弟兄们，起立！
B: Yes sir!
是，长官！
4. have two left feet 笨手笨脚
英解: to be very clumsy
A: May I have a dance with you?
我可以跟你跳支舞吗？
B: I'd love to, but I have two left feet.
我很想啊，但我笨手笨脚的耶。
5. have one foot in the grave 一只脚踏进棺材（快要死了）
英解： to be very old or very ill
A: Come on, grandpa, go bungee jumping!
阿公，走啦，咱们去高空弹跳！
B: That's too exciting for such an old man as me! I already have one foot in the grave!
那对我这老人家来说太刺激了吧！我已经是一只脚踏进棺材的人了！
Die的用法
基本用法
1. die 死亡
英解：to cease to live
A: Many people died of cancer last year.
去年有许多人死于癌症。
B: Especially lung cancer. You'd better wear a face mask in Taipei.
特别是肺癌，在台北你最好戴个面罩。
2. die 渴望
英解：to desire strongly or wish for keenly
A: How do you feel after a long hike?
健行了那么一大段路后你感觉如何？
B: Like I could die for a huge glass of water.
我好想要一大杯水。
3. die 【pl. dice】骰子
英解：small cubes, marked on each side with one to six spots, used in games
or gambling
A: It doesn't count － one die rolled right off the table.
不算，一颗骰子滚出桌子了。
B: O.K. You can roll it again.
好吧，你可以再丢一次。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. die down 平静下来
英解：to become calm or quiet
A: Is the party still going?
派对还在进行吗？
B: It died down quite fast after the police came.
警察来过后很快就安静下来了。
5. die hard 顽固的人
英解：a stubborn or resistant person
A: Why is he sitting alone in the rain watching the game?
为什么他一个人坐在雨中看比赛？
B: Because he's a die hard fan, he wouldn't miss a single pitch.
因为他是个死忠的球迷，每一次投球他都不想错过。
6. the die is cast 木已成舟
英解：a decision has been made and cannot be changed
A: I feel so sorry that I didn't buy the stock last week.
我很遗憾上礼拜没有买那支股票。
B: Hey, the die is cast. Stop blaming yourself.
嘿，木已成舟。别再责怪自己了。
consider 的用法
动词consider既意为"考虑；思考"，又意为"以为；认为"，二者的用法不尽相同。
一、 consider作"考虑；思考"解时，主要用法如下：
1. consider后可接名词、代词或宾语从句。
Please consider my suggestion.请考虑我的建议。
Have you considered how you could get the help needed? 你曾考虑如何得到所需要的帮助吗？
2. consider后可接"疑问词+不定式"结构，但不能直接接不定式。
We have to consider where to go for our holidays. 我们得考虑到什么地方去度假。
They haven't considered when to hold the sports meeting. 他们还没有考虑什么时间召开运动会。
3. consider后接动词-ing形式。
We are considering going to Canada next summer. 我们正考虑明年夏天去加拿大。
He is considering changing his present job. 他正在考虑调换目前的工作。
二、consider作"认为；以为"时解，后面除接宾语从句外，还可接：
1. 复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)。宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、动词不定式或介词短语。
We consider him the best man for the job.我们认为他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
They considered me too young to join the army.他们认为我太小，不能参军。
Everyone considered him to have broken the window.大家都认为是他打破的窗户。
We all consider her as our best friend. 我们都把她看做是最好的朋友。
2. it+形容词/名词+不定式结构，在该结构中，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。
Do you consider it wise to go there by yourself? 你认为你自己去那里明智吗？
We consider it our duty to help you.我们认为帮助你是我们的责任。
married 的用法
基本用法
1. married 结婚
英解: joined as husband and wife according to law or custom
A: I've decided Peter and I will be married next month. Will you come to the wedding?
我已经决定下个月要和彼得结婚了。你会来参加我们的婚礼吗？
B: No! And I will never forgive you! You're supposed to be mine!
不会！而且我永远也不会原谅你！新郎应该是我！
2. married 搭配，结合
英解： combined with something else
A: Oh this dish is exquisite!
哦，这道菜真精致！
B: Yes! The way the seafood has married with the other flavors is quite amazing!
对呀！海鲜与其他味道的融合真是妙极了！
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
3. married into 经结婚成为……一份子
英解：became a member of a family, religion, etc. by the act of marriage
A: Did you notice how much shopping Dana was putting on her credit card?
你有没有注意到黛娜用信用卡刷了多少东西？
B: Oh she'll never have to worry about that. She married into money, you know.
哦，她从不担心这个。她嫁了个有钱人，你知道的。
4. married off 把……嫁出去，给……找个老婆
英解： found a husband or wife by someone else
A: Why is our daughter always at home at the weekend?
为什么我们的女儿周末总待在家里？
B: We really should try and get her married off to a wealthy businessman.
我们真该试试找个有钱人把她嫁出去才对。
5. married to 沉迷于
英解: obsessed with something to the exclusion of everything else
A: You know, I've tried to get close to Paul, but he doesn't seem interested in a relationship.
你知道吗，我试着接近保罗，可是他好像对我没兴趣。
B: Oh you won't get anywhere with him, he's married to his work.
哦，跟他在一起不会有结果的，他太沉迷于工作了。
**************
**词汇扩展篇**
**************
2006-01-24
Dead 的用法
基本用法
1. dead 死的，死掉的
英解：no longer living
A: Chinese people have great respect for the dead.
中国人很尊敬死者。
B: They think that bad luck is caused by lack of proper respect.
他们认为厄运是不敬所导致的。
2. dead 坏掉的，无法运作的
英解：not working; inoperative
A: What's wrong with your car?
你的车怎么了？
B: It's dead. It won't even start.
它动不了，连发都发不动。
3. dead 绝对地，完全地
英解：absolutely, completely
A: I am dead tired. Let's catch a nap.
我快累死了，我们小睡一下吧。
B: Ok. Take a breath and we'll meet later.
好吧，休息一下，我们晚点再碰面。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. dead end 死巷
英解： a street, corridor, etc., that has no exit
A: I live on a dead end lane.
我住在一条死巷里。
B: It must be nice and quiet in your apartment.
你的公寓一定又好又安静。
5. dead in the water 被搁置的，不动的
英解：stalled, immobile
A: How's the new project going?
新计划进行的如何？
B: It's dead in the water because the company has no R & D budget.
因为公司没有研发预算已经搁置了。
6. dead to the world 睡得很沉，不省人事
英解：sound asleep; not conscious
A: Where's Terry? The groom is supposed to drink with his guests.
泰瑞呢？新郎应该要和客人喝酒的。
B: After a whole bottle of rice wine, he's probably dead to the world by now.
喝下一整瓶米酒后，他现在大概已经不省人事了吧。
Help 的用法
基本用法
1. help 帮助
英解：to provide assistance
A: It's difficult for me to finish this assignment alone.
要我独力完成这份作业很困难。
B: What're friends for? I'll help you out.
朋友是用来干嘛的？我会帮你的。
2. help 救，解救
英解：to save; rescue
A: Kevin is in a rescue organization and has helped save many people.
凯文在一个救援组织，并且援救过很多人。
B: I really respect guys like him.
我真的尊敬像他这种人。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
3. cannot or could not help 不得不
英解： unable to stop or prevent
A: I cannot help laughing every time I see him.
我每次看到他都忍不住会笑。
B: Me neither. He's such a funny guy.
我也是，他真是个好笑的家伙。
4. So help me god! 我敢对天发誓！
英解： on one's honor
A: When are you going to quit smoking?
你什么时候要戒烟？
B: In two months, so help me god!
两个月内，我对天发誓！
5. be of help 有用
英解: be useful
A: Stop preaching to me, Dad!
老爸，别对我说教了！
B: O.K. But you'll see an old man's words can be of much help in the future.
好，不过你以后就会知道老人的话是很有用的。
6. help oneself 自己取用
英解： (an offer) to serve oneself
A: Hey, this is a really decent party.
嘿，这真是个不错的派对。
B: Thanks. Help yourself if you want anything.
谢了，要什么就自己动手吧。
Work 的用法
基本用法
1. work 工作
英解：effort exerted to do or make something
A: I work eight hours a day, five days a week.
我每周工作五天，每天八小时。
B: Then you should make the best of weekend to do something that interests you.
那你应该好好利用周末做你有兴趣的事。
2. work 运转，运作
英解：to be functional; to operate
A: I'm sorry but this radio just doesn't work.
很抱歉，这台收音机根本不能用。
B: Did you check the batteries? Maybe you need to buy some new ones.
你有检查电池吗？也许你需要买一些新的电池。
3. work 作品
英解：the result of effort or labor as a book or work of art
A: Is this painting da Vinci?
这是达文西的画作吗？
B: Are you nuts? His real works cost millions.
你发疯了啊？他的真迹要好几百万呢。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. work out 解决，完成
英解：to accomplish; to solve
A: I just can't seem to work out this math problem.
我似乎无法解出这道数学题。
B: You should go ask Glen, he's really good at math.
你应该去问葛兰，他对数学很在行。
5. work over 检查（作业等）
英解：to study or examine carefully or thoroughly
A: I'm working over student's term papers. Can I get back to you later?
我正在改学生的学期报告，我可以待会再打给你吗？
B: Sure, business before pleasure.
当然，公事比玩乐优先。
6. out of work 失业
英解：unemployed
A: How do they have time to sit in a coffee shop on a Monday afternoon?
为什么他们在周一的下午有时间坐咖啡厅？
B: They must be out of work or something.
他们一定是失业了。
Short的用法
基本用法
1. short 短的，矮的
英解：having little length or height
A: Who's Nick? I can't wait to meet him.
谁是尼克？我等不及要和他碰面了。
B: Do you see three guys standing by the bar? Nick is the short, fat guy.
你看到站在吧台旁边的三个男人了吗？尼克就是那个矮矮胖胖的家伙。
2. short 不足的，未达标准的
英解：not reaching a set standard or level; deficient
A: The kilogram of grapes I bought this morning was a few grams short.
我早上买的一公斤的葡萄少了好几公克。
B: It must be the weather. It's so hot that the water must have evaporated from the fruit.
一定是天气的关系。天气这么热水分都从水果里蒸发掉了。
3. shorts 短裤
英解：trousers, knee-length or shorter
A: Summer is here again. It's time to put on my shorts.
夏天又来了，穿短裤的时候到了。
B: And I'm thinking of buying some miniskirts.
而我是想买些迷你裙。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. for short 简称
英解：as a shorter way of saying or naming something
A: Why do you call him Bill? I thought his name is William.
为什么你叫他比尔？我还以为他的名字是威廉。
B: William is called Bill for short.
威廉是比尔的简称。
5. in short 总之
英解：in summary; stated or said briefly
A: In short, I didn't know which one to pick.
总之，我不知道要选哪一个。
B: Really? So you just picked English as your major?
真的吗？所以你就选英文当作主修啰？
6. run short 用完
英解：run out of
A: Honey, are we going to be late?
亲爱的，我们会迟到吗？
B: Yes, and my patience is running short. Hurry up!
是的，而且我的耐心快用完了。快一点！
full的用法
基本用法
1. full 满的，充满的
英解：containing the largest amount that will fit in a container or space
A: Why isn't the car moving? Is it out of gas?
车子为什么不动？是没汽油了吗？
B: That's impossible. It had a full tank yesterday.
不可能的。昨天油箱还是满的。
2. full 吃饱的
英解：unable to eat any more
A: Would you like some more rice?
还要再来点饭吗？
B: No, thanks. I'm full.
不，谢了。我吃饱了。
3. full 完全的
英解：complete; whole
A: I spent the full weekend in Kaoshiung.
我整个周末都待在高雄。
B: Really? What did you do there?
真的吗？你在那边做什么？
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. full-time 全职的，专任的
英解： the number of hours that people normally work in a week
A: Is your company looking for any part-time help?
你们公司要找兼职员工吗？
B: Sorry, we are only accepting applications for full-time positions.
抱歉，我们只接受全职的申请者。
5. full-blooded 纯种的
英解： of unmixed breed or race
A: What kind of dog do you have?
你养哪一种豿？
B: He's not full-blooded anything, he's just a mutt.
它不是纯种的，它只是一只杂种豿。
**************
**趣味记忆篇**
**************
2006-01-24
wear/wore/worn 穿，戴，磨损，损耗
swear/swore/sworn：发誓，诅咒
pear
pearl
appear
appearance
disappear
任务１：翻译这个句子：
she swears to wear the pearls that appear to be pears．
她发誓要戴起那些像鸭梨的珍珠．
任务２：Free talking:
Which kind of fruit is your favorite ?
I like bananas best because I don't have to peel them with the knife when I eat.
2006-01-25
fear a 可怕的\a 无畏的
fearful\fearless prep,v 接近,靠近;a,ad (亲)近
near a 附近的;ad,prep在(…)附近
nearby ad 接近,几乎
nearly n 眼泪
tear v 撕扯,撕开\pt\pp
tear \tore \torn
任务１：翻译这个句子：
I nearly fear to tear the tearful girl's test paper.
我几乎害怕撕这个泪流满面女生的试卷．
任务２：Free talking:
Have you cheated in the examination？
me too.
**************
**词汇扩展篇**
**************
2006-02-06
drop 的用法
基本用法
1. drop 丢下，扔下
英解：to let something fall deliberately or accidentally
A: The children like to drop stones off this bridge.
孩子们喜欢在桥上将石头往下丢。
B: I think they like to hear the sound of stones hitting the water.
我想他们喜欢听石头打到水的声音。
2. drop 一滴
英解：a very small amount of a liquid
A: There is a drop of blood on your collar. What happened?
你的领子上有一滴血。发生了什么事？
B: It's nothing. I cut myself shaving this morning.
没什么。早上刮胡子时刮到自己了。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
3. air-drop 空投
英解：to let something fall from an aircraft
A: The U.N. is trying to air-drop medical supplies to that area.
联合国正试着将医疗物资空投到那个地区。
B: I hope they actually get to the refugees.
我希望难民真的能拿到。
4. drop by 顺道拜访
英解： to make a short visit somewhere
A: Tom will drop by later.
汤姆等一下会过来。
B: Ok. I'll go buy some soft drinks.
好，我去买些饮料。
5. drop someone off 让……下车
英解： to take someone to a place in a car, usually without getting out of the car yourself
A: I'm driving into town anyway. Can I drop you off somewhere?
反正我要进城。在哪边让你下车吗？
B: Just drop me at the Living Mall.
把我放在京华城就好。
stick的用法
基本用法
1. stick 黏贴，张贴
英解：to fix or fasten
A: How do you know we don't have class today?
你怎么知道今天不用上课？
B: Somebody stuck a notice on the classroom door.
有人在教室门口贴了通知。
2. stick 被困住
英解：to become embedded, jammed, mired, etc,...
A: The wheels are stuck in the mud. The car won't move.
轮胎卡在泥巴里了。车子动不了。
B: I'll use my cell phone to call a tow-truck.
我来用手机打电话叫拖车。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
3. the sticks 乡间
英解：rural districts; a place away from a city
A: Why did you come to the city?
你为什么要到都市来？
B: I couldn't find work in the sticks.
我在乡间找不到工作。
4. stick by 忠于，信守
英解： to remain loyal to someone
A: We promised that we'd always stick by each other.
我们承诺会忠于对方。
B: That's what real friendship is all about.
那才叫做真正的友情。
5. stick up for 维护，捍卫
英解： to speak in defense of a person, idea, or belief
A: Do you need any help on this issue?
在这个议题上你需要支持吗？
B: No, thanks. I can stick up for myself.
不用了，谢谢。我可以为自己辩解。
Lift的用法
基本用法
1. lift 举起，提起
英解：to direct or carry from a lower to a higher position
A: Believe it or not, I can lift this desk with one finger.
信不信由你，我可以用一根手指把这张桌子举起来。
B: Stop boasting! I wasn't born yesterday!
少吹牛了！我又不是三岁小孩！
2. lift 解除（封锁），终止
英解：to revoke or taking back; to bring to an end
A: Do you think the government should lift the ban on guns?
你认为政府应该解除枪枝的禁令吗？
B: Of course not. That would create a lot of problems.
当然不应该。那会制造很多的问题。
3. lift 电梯（英式用法）
英解：an elevator
A: Sorry, the lift is out of order. I'm afraid you'll have to take the upstairs.
抱歉，这电梯坏掉了。你恐怕得走楼梯上来了。
B: Are you kidding?! It's on the twentieth floor!
你在开玩笑吗？！那在二十楼耶！
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. lift 扒窃，偷窃
英解：to steal
A: He was caught lifting CDs at the record store.
他在唱片行偷CD被逮到。
B: He deserved it. I've warned him so many times.
他活该。我已经警告过他很多次了。
5. have/get a face lift 整容，拉皮
英解：to have cosmetic surgery performed on one's face
A: Do you know why Jennifer looks so much younger than her real age?
你知道为什么珍妮佛看起来比她实际年龄年轻很多吗？
B: I heard that she got a face lift a couple of years ago.
我听说她在几年前动了拉皮手术。
Ride的用法
基本用法
1. ride 骑乘
英解：to sit and travel on the back of an animal, usually while controlling its motions
A: Can you ride a horse?
你会骑马吗？
B: I can't. I've never had the chance to try it.
我不会。我从来没有机会尝试。
2. ride （乘车）旅行
英解：to be carried or travel on or in a vehicle
A: My dad rides the MRT to and from work everyday.
我爸爸每天坐捷运上下班。
B: Doesn't he ever get sick of the crowds?
他每天这样挤车不烦吗？
3. ride 支配，使烦恼
英解：to harass with persistent criticism or carping
A: If you stopped riding him so hard, he might actually clean up on his own.
如果你不要一直烦他的话，他也许可以自己做完清洁的工作。
B: You're right. Maybe I'm too hard on him.
你说的对。也许我对他太严格了。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
延伸用法
4. ride on 依靠
英解：to depend on; to be contingent on
A: I feel that my whole future is riding on this interview.
我觉得我的未来就看这次面试了。
B: Don't worry. You'll be fine.
别担心。会很顺利的。
5. take somebody for a ride 欺骗某人
英解：to cheat someone
A: I just realized that used car dealer took me for a ride.
我终于了解那个二手车商唬了我。
B: Those guys are the lowest form of life I can think of.
那些家伙是我能想到最没水准的人。
