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词汇
1.attend vt. 上（学），出席，到场，参加
They attend church on Sundays. 他们礼拜天上教堂。
The lectures were well attended. 听演讲的人很多。
【词组】attend to: 注意，用心，照顾，倾听；从事，料理
attend to one’s work 用心从事自己的工作
【关联】attendance n. 到（校），出席；照料，伺候(upon)；出席人数
attendant n. 出席者，到场者；随从；侍者，服务员
adj. 在场的；伴随的，附随的；服侍的
2.facility n.
1）（常用复）设备，设施，工具；方便，便利
facilities for study 学习（研究）设备
One of the facilities our students have is a large library.
我们学生所拥有的设备之一是一所大图书馆。
transport facilities交通工具
2）熟练，灵巧，才能
write with facility熟练地写作
a facility in languages 语言才能
3.deficiency n. 缺乏，不足；缺陷
a deficiency of food食物缺乏
【关联】deficient adj. 缺乏的，不足的，欠缺的
deficient in judgment欠缺判断力
4.rectify vt. 改正，纠正，矫正，整顿
rectify errors纠正错误
rectify one’s life改过自新
rectify the style of work整顿工作作风
【关联】rectification n. 改正，纠正，矫正，整顿
errors needing rectification需纠正的错误
5. perception n. 感觉，知觉；了解，领悟；洞 察力，理解力
a man of keen perception感觉敏锐的人
【关联】perceive vt. 感觉，知觉，觉察，看出，发觉
On entering his house, we at once perceived him to be a man of taste . 一进他的屋子，我们立刻就感觉到他是一个高雅的人。
perceive the danger看出危险
We perceived that we were unwelcome and left.
我们发觉自己不受欢迎，便走了。
perceptive adj. 知觉的，有察觉力的，有理解力的，有洞察力的
perceptible adj. 感觉得到的，察觉得到的，看得出的
6.confine vt. 限制；禁闭，使闭门不出
Please confine your remarks to the subject were talking about. 请把你的 话限制在我们所讨论的题目范围之内。
Isnt it cruel to confine a lark in a cage?
把云雀关在笼子里不是残忍的吗？
He is confined to the house by illness. 他因病不出门。
【关联】confinement n. 限制，禁闭，监禁
confines n. （常用复）界限，境界，范围，区域
7. ridicule n. & vt. 嘲笑，嘲弄，奚落
hold a man up to ridicule 嘲弄某人
pour ridicule on a scheme 极力嘲笑某一计划
【关联】ridiculous adj. 可笑的，荒谬的，滑稽的
ridiculously adv. 可笑地，荒谬地，滑稽地
8.suppress vt. 禁止披露；隐瞒，压制，抑制，镇压，忍住；查禁
suppress the truth隐瞒实情
suppress one’s feelings 抑制情感
suppress a newspaper查禁一家报纸
【关联】suppression n. 隐瞒，压制，抑制，镇压，查禁
suppressive adj. 隐瞒的，压制的，抑制的，镇压的
suppresser n. 压制者，抑制者，镇压者
9.embarrassment n.
使人为难的事或人；障碍，阻碍，窘迫，困窘，难堪
That nasty child is an embarrassment to his parents.
那个讨厌的小孩令他父母为难。
【关联】embarrass vt. 使难堪，使困窘；阻碍， 妨碍，障碍
She was embarrassed when they asked her age.
他们问她的年龄时她窘得很。
10.implication n. 含意，暗示；牵连
He smiled, with the implication that he didnt believe me. 他笑了笑，表示他不相信我。
by implication含蓄地，暗示地
Don't attack others by implication. 不要含沙射影地攻击他人。
【关联】implicate vt. 含有……的意思；牵连于（in）
implicative adj. 含蓄的，言外之意的；牵连的
imply vt. 暗指，暗示；含有……的意思
implicit adj. 含蓄的，暗示的；无疑的，绝对的
11.abandon vt. 抛弃，放弃 n. 放纵，放肆
abandon an attempt 放弃尝试
with abandon尽情地，恣意地，放肆地
The people were so excited that they jumped and shouted with abandon.那些人极为兴奋，尽情地又跳又叫。
【词组】abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于
abandon oneself to despair陷入绝望
【关联】abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；放肆的
an abandoned ship弃船 abandoned behavior放肆的行为
12.concentrate vt. 集中，使集中于一点
concentrate soldiers in a town将军队集中于城内
【构词】1）con-［词缀］ “一起，汇聚”：converse会话；conc ourse集合，汇合；converge汇聚，集中
2）centr-［词缀］“中心”：central中心的，中央的
con ＋centrate＝concentrate集中
【关联】concentration n. 集中，集合，专心
concentrative adj. 集中的，使专心的
13.revolve vt. & vi. （使）旋转；沉思，思索 Ideas revolved in his mind.他思虑再三。
【关联】revolution n. 旋转，公转；循环，周期；革命
revolving adj. 旋转的，周转性的
14.deflation n. 煞气，放气，缩小，弄瘪；通货 紧缩
Some economists believe that deflation may result in an economic crisis. 有些经济学家认为通货紧缩会导致经济危机。
【构词】de-［词缀］“除掉，减小，减少，降低，往下”：deice除冰， defrost除霜，deduct扣除，decrease减少，devalue贬值，descend往下走
【关联】deflate vt. 煞（气），灭（威风）；放 气，泄气，使缩小，弄瘪；紧缩（通货）
15. restrict vt. 限定，限制，约束
The trees restrict our vision. 树木限制了我们的视野。
be restricted in movement行动受约束
【关联】restricted adj. 受限制的，有限的
restriction n. 限制，约束，拘束
restrictive adj. 限制的，限制性的，拘束的
16.compassion n. 同情，怜悯
have (take) compassion on sufferers同情受苦者
be filled with compassion for the refugees对难民充满了怜悯
Compassion is common to all men.恻隐之心，人皆有之。
【构词】com-［词缀］“共同，一起，与，合”：combine联合；companion同伴；compatible可和谐共存的，兼容的
com＋passion“情”＝compassion同情
【关联】compassionate adj. 有同情心的，慈悲 的 vt. 同情，怜悯
17.passion n. 热情，激情，强烈情感（尤指爱 ，恨，或怒）；爱好，热爱
The poet expressed his burning passion for the woman he loved. 诗人表达了 他对所爱女人的热情。
be filled with passion for sb. 充满着对某人的爱
have a passion for 对……有强烈的爱好
【关联】passionate adj. 热情的，热烈的，多情的，激昂的
passionately adv. 热情地，热烈地，多情地，激昂地
短语
1. in some respects在某些方面
They disagree with each other in some respects.
他们在某些方面有不同意见。
2.(not) matter what/how, etc. ……（没）有关系
It doesnt matter to me what you do or where you go.
你做什么或去哪里对我都没关系。
3.as long as只要
You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back.
只要你答应归还，就可以把这本书借走。
4.get trapped被困，陷入
You must increase your income, or you’ll get trapped in financial embarrassments.
你必须增加收入，否则你就会被困于经济拮据。
5. lead to导致
Curiosity has led to many inventions.
好奇导致了许多发明。
6.on the part of就……而言，在……方面
The agreement has been kept on my part but not on his.
这协议在我这方面是遵守了，但他那方面并没有。
7.leave ... untouched没有提及过，没有动过
The manager left the welfare of the staff untouched in his report.
经理在报告中没有提及过职工的福利问题。
The tired mason left the food and dishes on the table untouched and returned to the worksite.
那位疲劳的石匠没有动过桌上的饭菜就返回工地了。
8.far from并非，并不是
The show was far from being a failure; it was a great success. 这场表演绝非失 败，而是极为成功。
9.be restricted to仅限于
The discussion is restricted to economic issues.
讨论仅限于经济问题。
10.be capable of有能力
he is capable of any hard work.
她有能力做任何艰苦工作。
11.take delight in乐于，嗜好
Kind people take delight in helping others.
善良的人乐于助人。
12.provide ... for为……提供
An education foundation provided a lot of books for the library.
一个教育基金会为图书馆提供了大量的书。
语句
1.I attended junior and senior high school, public institutions i n New York and New Jersey, just after the Second World War.
二战刚结束，我在纽约和新泽西 的公立学校上了初中和高中。
public institutions是junior and senior high school的同位语。
2.Sometimes I think how grateful I would be today if I had learne d more back th en about what really matters.
有时候，我想那时要是能学点真正重要的东西，今天我会多么地心存感激。
if I had learned ... 虚拟语气
If he had got up a little earlier, he would not have missed the train.如果他稍早起一点儿，他就不会错过火车了。
3.In spelling, grammar, the fundamentals of math, and other vital subjects, my teachers did a pretty good job.
在拼写、语法、数学基础知识以及其他重要的学科的教授上，我的老师们做得相当不错。
1）pretty adv. 相当，颇，很，甚，非常
The car is new, or pretty nearly so.
这汽车是新的，或者说相当新。
I'm pretty sure that he will say yes.
我颇信他会说“好”。
2）do a good job做得好
Youve done a good job this time!你这次干得好！
4.Human beings enjoy learning.人类乐于学习。
enjoy后面的动词应为—ing形式，类似的词还有avoid, mind等，如：
She avoided answering my questions.
她对我的问题避而不答。
Would you mind opening the window?
请你打开窗子好吗？
5.After you teach yourself one subject, you become much more conf ident about yo ur ability to teach yourself another.
教会你自己一个课题以后，你就会对教授 你自己另一课题的能力更加充满信心。
become confident about 对……变得有信心；be confident about 对……有信心
ability to do sth. 做……的能力。ability后面的动词应为不定式形式，如：
He has the ability to make a very good boat.他有能力造很好的船。
6.The world is changing so rapidly that you must continue to teac h yourself throughout your life. But dont get trapped by the first subject th at interests you, or the subject you find yourself good at. 世界的变化日新月异，你必须在一生中不断地教授你自己。但不要沉溺于你感兴趣的或你擅长的第一门学科而止步不前。
so ...that... 如此……以致……，太……以至于……
throughout ones life终生，一生
be good at擅长，善于
7.The world is full of wonders, and some of them we don’t discover until we’re all grown up. 这个世界充满了奇妙的事物，有些我们完全长大成人之后才会发现。
not ... until ... 直到……才……
grow up 长大，成人，成长 be grown up已经长大，已经成人
8.When people are talking, don’t spend the time thinking about what you’re going to say next. 当别人在谈话时，不要费时去思考自己接下来打算说什么。
spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花时间/金钱做……
He spends a lot of time mowing the lawn every Sunday.
每个星期天他都花好多时间修剪草坪。
注意：in在被动句中一般不能省略，如：
Nearly all his money is spent in buying books.
他的钱几乎都花在了买书上。
9.Older people have grown up in a world very different from yours, one you may not know very well. They，and people from other parts of the country and from other nations, have important perspectives that can enrich your life. 老年人所经历的世界与你所经历的截然不同，你也许对其知之甚少。老年人及来自其他地方和其他国家的人们有可以丰富你的生活的十分重要的对事物的看法。
very different from yours为定语，修饰前面的a world, 再如：We need some opinions different from ours. 我们需要一些与我们不同的观点。
10.If a work is hundreds or thousands of years old and is still admired, there is probably something to it. 既然一部作品已存在了几百年或是几千年，今天仍然受到赞赏，那么大概它确实是有些名堂。
thousands of years 几千年，数千年。ten，hundred，thousand，million等词在表达数十、数百、数千、数百万等数时应加s, 在表达准确数字时不能加s，如：ten trees 10棵树，one million dollars 100万美元 11.Look at the delight a one or twoyearold takes in learning, and you see how powerful is the human will to learn. 如果你看到一个一两岁的孩子学做一件事时的乐趣，你就会明白人类学习的意志有多么坚强了。
how powerful is the human will to learn为倒装句，is倒置于从句主语the human will之前。
will n.意志
Free will makes us able to choose our way of life.自由意志使我们能选择自己的生活方式。
Vocabulary Exercises
1. Complete the following sentences with compound words formed in the same way as in the examples. Each word is to be used onceonly.
1) supermarket 2) first-hand 3) gentleman
4) high－grade 5) newcomer
2. Translate the following into English.
1) Use the verb + noun collocation.
attend a meeting do a good job
experience hardship teach oneself English
discover wonders restrict the cough
acquire a skill gain knowledge
need encouragement enrich one’s life
be open to correction correct mistakes
abandon the expectation make an effort
2)Use the “useful expressions”.
(1) The collapse of the newly-built bridge led to the penal suit against one engineer and two local officials.
(2) He has worked the whole day leaving the lunch untouched.
(3) Far from a waste of time regular physical exercises can make students strong and more capable of studying even better.
(4) In the Sea World, the seals and dolphins are capable of doing all the tricks which make the children laugh all the time.
(5) Those who take delight in others’suffering will get retribution so oner or later.
(6) In some respects, the new dictionary needs improving.
(7) When the bus rushed out of the road and turned over, many children got trapped inside.
(8) At the opening ceremony, the municipal government will provide fo od and drink for more than 1000 guests.
(9) In China, an urban family is restricted to only one child.
(10) It doesn’t matter where we shall go as long as we can have a rest.
3)Use learn, ask and teach.
(1) The boy asked the policeman the way to the railway station.
(2) There isnt any short cut to take for learning English.
(3) Learning the math teacher I like most is still teaching in that school, I decided to go and see him.
(4) This old worker teaches his children to be honest persons.
(5) He asked his boss if he could leave the office earlier that day.
(6) Hardship taught us to be grateful to what we have now.
(7)When he graduated, he asked to work for one year in Tibet.
(8) I only want to care about others, and hope to get concern from other s too. I’m not asking too much.
(9) Clever people learn from their own mistakes.
(10) It’s no use to ask for help because it’s already over midnight.
(11)The scientist taught his students that young people should face the future.
(12) When she was asked what her greatest pleasure was, she said, “Study”.
3. Complete the following sentences.
1) Put suitable prepositions or adverbs in the blanks.
(1) in (2)at (3)for; above (4) toward
(5) In (6) at; of (7) On; in (8) on
(9) in; behind (10)to; at; on (11) by (12)from
2) Choose the right word from the brackets.
(1) facilities (2)difficult (3) confident
(4)confine (5)remarks
4.Choose the best word for each blank.
(1) a (2) when (3) move
(4) what (5) with (6) taking
(7)release (8) drives (9) perhaps
(10)so (11) at least (12) more
Exercises
1. Choose the right verb form.
1) is 2) are 3) are 4) stay 5) is
6) are 7) is 8) mean 9) is 10) belong
2. Put in the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1) are 2) are 3) does 4) is 5) cannot go
6) was criticized 7) doesn’t believe 8) has
3. Translate the following into English, paying special attention to verb forms.
1) Both Mary and her child like Uncle Tom very much.
2) Either my father or my mother will attend the parents meeting.
3) The team are practicing very hard.
4) The government was criticized by the people for this policy.
5) Neither you nor your friend Jack has to take the responsibility for it.
6) Poultry tend to be infected with this disease.
4. Complete the following sentences with the correct choice (for revision of nouns).
1) B 2) B 3) C 4) A 5) C
6) D 7) C 8) A 9) C 10) A
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