主题：我的新概念第三册笔记（下载版）

i am so grateful to you for your kindness

呵呵，不错！

Lesson 10

Colossal: large in size 庞大的;  A ship Titanic was colossal.

Big: 大的，重要的

Large: 体积大，数量大；  an empty large box; a large number of people

Great: 伟大

Vast: 辽阔，广阔的

Immense: 不可测量的；     an immense stadium

Enormous: 重点突出数量、程度、体积大； 强调程度时，语意强于big.

Giant: 巨大的，高大的；  a giant person;

Gigantic: 同giant

Tremendous: big, fast, powerful; The plane is traveling at tremendous speed.

Titanic: 用于修饰人和物的体积大、力量大。

Huge: 强调体积、数量大；

Colossalà bigà largeà greatà vastà immenseà enormousà giantà giganticà tremendousà titanicà huge

Watertight: 不漏水的;  引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的；  Watertight arguments.

Waterproof: 防水的；   waterproof watch

Flood vt.: be filled with water; the ship was flooded.

引申： The room was flooded with moonlight.

       Our classroom is flooded with sunshine.

Flood n. 洪水；

In flood: 河水泛滥;    During the rains, the river is in flood.

In flood引申表示连续不断的;  In a flood of words: 滔滔不绝的

Float = drift

Tragic = unfortunate;  A tragic accident

Miserable 苦难的； bitter 痛苦的；

Tragedy n.悲剧，惨案。

In tragedy 以悲剧形式。 The holiday ended in tragedy.

Comedy: 喜剧； comic 喜剧的； comical 古怪的，可笑的（贬义）

Comedyà miseryà tragedy

Voyage 海上航行； journey 长途行程；flight 飞行；

Navigation 航海，航海术；

Voyageà journeyà flight

Collide vi. 碰撞、抵触；  The plane collided with the mountain.

Crash v. 坠毁

Conflict vi. 和某事（某人）相抵触; My idea conflicts with yours.

Clash vi.相冲突； His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn’t go.

Conflictà clashà collideà crash

  Look, your hands are trembling, what’s wrong with you?

Shiver: 强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动； I found he’s shivering in a cold.

Shudder: 强调全身的战栗；

Trembleà shiverà shudder

Faint: weak 弱的; faint/weak sound; faint/weak voice;

Faint: unconscious 失去知觉； He has been faint for a long time.

Slight: 轻微的，微不足道的；  A slight headache.

Faintà weakà slight

Abandon: 抛弃；因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事情。

   He abandoned his research because of the war.

Desert: 背弃，遗弃； desert the army; desert the duty; desert his family;

Abandonà desert

Plunge: jump or rush suddenly and wildly

  He got so angry that he plunged into the water.

Jump: 强调快速地跳。

Leap: 跳跃

Dive: 跳水

Sail for: 航海去往某处

出发去往某处： set out(off) for, leave for, head for, make for

A crew of: 一组船员

By: 表示依据；  By modern standards; by regulation; by rules;

According to: 依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）； according to the fact;

In accordance with: 比according to更加正式，依据法律。

依据：Byà according toà in accordance with

Be regarded as: be considered to be, be thought of as  把…看作为

口语：regard sb./sth. as+(n./pron./adj./doing/done).

  I regard his idea as unacceptable.

Be able to 强调有能力

Be remembered: 被永远记住

On her first voyage: 首航，处女航

With heavy loss of life

Waters: 水域，海域

Just in time: 很及时

From below: 从下方； from above: 从上方；

From inside; from outside;

To one’s horror: 使某人感到惊骇

To one’s surprise

The order was given: 命令被下达

Order sb. to do sth. à the order to do sth.

Be able to do à the ability to do sth.

Be capable of doing sth. à capability of doing sth.

构词法后缀： 

1. 动词后加-er, 如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r，表示行为的主动者，做某事的人。

   Work-worker, teach-teacher, murder-muderer, write-writer, read-reader

2. 动词后加-ist, 表示某种主义者，信仰者；从事某种事业、研究的人。

   Copy-copyist, type-typist, novel-novelist, drug-druggist, tobacco-tobacconist.

3. 形容词后加-ness,变成抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、状态。

   Kind-kindness, bitter-bitterness, happy-happiness.

4. 某些名词后加-ion, 构成名词。

     Suggest-suggestion, collect-collection.

   以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，再加-ion.

     Translate-translation, complete-completion, graduate-graduation.

   某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词，把-i去掉，再加-ation.

     Explain-explanation, exclaim-exclamation

5. 以-ity结尾，放在形容词之后，构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态。

   以-able/-ible结尾的形容词变成名词，变成-ability/-ibility

   Able-ability, probable-probability, possible-possibility, mobile-mobility

On board the plane/the train/the ship

Veer = turn

Lesson 11

Guilty  adj.犯罪的，违法的; He said that with a guilty smile.

Guilt n.

Guiltily adv.

Opposite: innocent, innocence　(n.)

Tolerant adj. 宽容的；

Tolerantly 　adv.

Tolerance 　n.

Tolerate vt. 忍受（折磨和痛苦）

Tolerable adj. 可以忍受的；  The hardship is tolerable.

Hardened adj.有经验的（侧重于老练的）；a hardened player/thief.

Experienced 侧重于有经验的； an experienced teacher

Experiencedà　hardened

Officious  adj.爱管闲事的 ；  A lot of old ladies are officious.

Officiously  adv. ;           An officious police officer.

Officiousness  n.

Official    n. 官员；公务员

adj.官方的，官员的，正式的；

officer    n. 政府官员

　　　　　 v. 指挥

Confidently = with confidence

Confident adj.

Confidence n.

Have confidence: 有信心

Gain confidence: 获得信心

In confidence: 悄悄的，神秘的 = secretly

Take sb. into one’s confidence: 以某人为心腹

Dreadful = frightful

Dreadful 侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的

Fearful 表示胆怯的，恐惧的

Fearfulà dreadful(frightful)

Perfume: 香水（人造的）

Fragrance: (抽象名词)芬芳，芳香

Perfumeà fragrance

Duty: 税;  Customs Duty:关税；  Stamp Duty:印花税；duty free:免税的；

同义词：tax;   income tax: 所得税；

Dutyà tax

Mix sth. with

Mixture

Baggage 同义词 luggage

我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。

表示“真正的” really;   a really officious person

强调“特别、尤其是” particularly

强调“绝对的”  absolutely

强调“完全的，彻底的” completely, entirely, fully, thoroughly

强调“特别，特别是”  extremely

Fairly— 强调“一般般”;    a fairly good book.

Very—语气程度强烈“非常”;  a very good book.

Rather—语意程度接近fairly,注意修饰形容词和副词，特别是修饰形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置。

   A fairly good book.

   A rather good book./ Rather a good book. (后者更常用)

   The thing is rather too difficult to me. (rather可以和too连用)

Quite—quite right/wrong/mistaken/sure 这时不能换用very

Fairlyà ratherà veryà quite

Make, have, let及感官性动词see, hear, notice, feel用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略。但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原。

We heard someone come up the stairs.

Someone was heard to come up the stairs.

(on the one hand…),on the other hand…

Even if = even though

Looking me in the eye: 两眼直盯盯的注视着我

Look sb. in the face, look/stare sb. in the eye = look directly at sb.

With great care –强调相当的仔细

介词in和名词搭配，表示一种状态。

In a mess，in good order, in good health, in a good mood, in a good temper

Light up: 喜气洋洋，容光焕发

Light的过去式，过去分词可以为:lit, lighted

但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的，要用lighted. A lighted cigar/stick.

介词短语with delight ”欣喜若狂地“

With和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情

  With confidence自信地, with care细心地, with pride骄傲地，with surprise

Pounce on: 向…猛扑过去; 对…大做文章

  The policeman pounced on the thief.

  Don’t pounce on my mistake.

Should have done 应该做而没做，具有谴责的味道。

Should not have done 不应该做而做了

Exempt: adj. 免除的，被免除的；  be exempt from

 Drinks are not exempt from import duty.

As-关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。

   As we know, the earth is round.

关系代词as和which的区别：

 As所引导的非限定性定语从句可以用在主句之前。

 Which引导的非限定性定语从句，只能用在主句之后。

Encouragingly adv.